THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN THE INCREASING OF ECONOMIC PARTICIPATION OF IRAQI WOMEN FOR THE PERIOD (2011-2021)
Abstract
This research dealt with the basics of financial inclusion in terms of concept, importance and objectives, as well as the financial empowerment of women, indicating the relationship between financial inclusion and women, and the descriptive and analytical method of data was relied upon as a methodology for research, which includes reviewing and analyzing information and data in the financial and banking literature, and reviewing responsive local trends The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that Iraqi women, until the present time, still suffer from low sources of financing and the financial climate necessary to start establishing their economic projects. It is a major justification for the weak balanced economic participation and thus faltering in achieving the goals of sustainable development. The research also reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which is securing the basic source of funding for Iraqi women and the appropriate economic environment for them by controlling partial national plans and programs for the targeted financial inclusion policy for marginalized women and supporting them to establish it. Economic projects would provide opportunities to increase local production, in a balanced, consistent and supportive manner for the sustainable development goals in Iraq.
Keyword : financial inclusion, empowering women financially and economically.
![Creative Commons License](../../lib/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
First: Arabic sources A- Arabic books 1- Christine A, Lunardini, Women's Rights, Amman, Jordan, 2nd Edition, 2004 B- Research, studies, reports and conferences 1. The General Secretariat of the Council of Ministers, Women's Empowerment Department, personal interviews with (Sit Dalal), Assistant Director General. 2. The Central Bank of Iraq, personal interviews, (Sit Duha), General Manager of the Payments Department. 3. Ayoub, Pioneer, The Economic Feasibility of Micro-Projects and Their Effects on Women in the Syrian Rural, League of Arab States, Arab Women Organization, 2010. 4. Hanan Atta Shamlawi, Nahil Ismail Saqf Al-Hait, The Impact of Women's Empowerment on Their Participation in the Labor Force: An Applied Study on a Sample of Arab Countries, University of Sharjah Journal for Humanities and Social Sciences, Volume 16, Number 1, 2019. 5. Richard Abdel Nour, Special Representative of the World Bank in Iraq, report on the visit of the World Bank mission to Iraq, Middle East Department, Middle East and North Africa, 2022. 6. HARDO Center for Supporting Digital Expression, Financial Inclusion in Egypt: Do Low-income People Have a Share in Availability of Financial Instruments, Cairo, 2018. 7. The Regional Office for Arab States, "A New Look at Economic Growth towards Productive and Inclusive Arab Societies," Report, Beirut, Lebanon 2015. 8. Marawan Ben Qida, Rachid Bouafia, Reality and Prospects for Promoting Financial Inclusion in the Arab Countries, Journal of Economics and Human Development, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2016. 9. Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, Labor and Vocational Training Department, Lending Department data, 2022. C- Theses and dissertations 1. Ahmed Nuri Hassan and Nagham Hussein Nema, Requirements for the application of financial inclusion in Iraq and its measurement indicators (applied study), Master Thesis, College of Business Economics, Al-Nahrain University, Iraq, (2018). 2. Haneen Muhammad Badr Ajour, “The Role of Financial Inclusion in National Banks in Achieving Social Responsibility towards Customers (Case Study of Islamic Banks Operating in the Gaza Strip), Islamic University of Gaza, Master Thesis, 2017 3. Zahraa Muhammad Hassan Al-Wasiti, Empowering Women Economically in Iraq, Problems and Enablers, Master Thesis, Al-Mustansiriya University, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Economics, Iraq, 2013. Second: foreign sources 1. Clotteau. N ,Measho. B, Global Panorama on Postal Financial Inclusion , Printed in Switzerland by Universal Postal Union, 2016. 2. Pampel F. C., Tanaka K. (1986) "Economic Development and Female Labor Force Participation A Reconsideration" Social Forces, vol. 64, 3. "Lechman E and Kaur H. (2015). "Economic Growth and Female Labor Force Participation Verifying The U-Feminization Hypothesis. New Evidence For 162 Countries Over the Period 1990-2012, Economic Society 4. Alliance for Financial Inclusion, Declaration Progress Report: TODAY’S TARGETS, TOMORROW’S IMPACT. , 2018 Maya BLC . Audited Financial Statements Report 2017, BLC Bank Lebanon. BLC Bank Lebanon(2017). 5. Central Bank of Jordan, The National Financial Inclusion Strategy (2018-2020). Central Bank of Jordan, (2016) 6. The Common Wealth, Strategies for Women’s Financial Inclusion in the Commonwealth, United Kingdom: The Common Wealth, (2015).